Organizational Change Management Project Management Profession

Question: Define the Organizational Change Management for Project Management Profession. Answer: Topic of the Article The topic of the article authored by Brian J. Weiner in the Journal, Implementation Science, Volume 4 and Issue 67 during 2009 is A theory of organizational readiness for change(Weiner, 2009). Objective of the Article The objectives of the article are outlined as follows. To understand the concept of organizational readiness for the change process. To focus on the development of a theory that would help in analyzing the determinants and outcomes for organizational readiness. To understand the manner of increasing the level of organizational readiness for implementing changes. To focus on the incorporation of empirical models like social cognitive theory and motivation theory in understanding the manner in which organizational readiness helps in implementing the change process. Methodology and Means of Analysis The analysis is conducted by Weiner through the use of secondary research tools mainly journals and books associated with organizational psychology and healthcare. The use of secondary research activities potentially help in retrieving large scale of information pertaining to the research topic from authentic literary sources documented by experts (Jones, 2014). Inferences gained from the use of secondary research tools are qualitative in nature such that the same contributes in generating elucidatory information for addressing the research objectives (Rubin, 2008). The analysis is further carried out in the article based on the incorporation of empirical models like social cognitive theory and implementation theory that help in conducting in-depth analysis and thereby in testing the theoretical models in the healthcare setting (Bynner Stribley, 2010). Argument Conducted The article argues that increasing the level of organizational readiness for change ideally motivate the organizational members for initiating the change process, display greater effort in implementing the change and also of greater persistence in countering the challenges imposed in implementing the changes and also in reflecting increased collaboration and cooperation amongst each other in making the changes happen as desired and planned. Thus, increase in the level of organizational readiness is argued to be directly proportional to the level of effectiveness in implementing the changes(Weiner, 2009). Different types of strategies are there that help in enhancing the level of organizational readiness for implementing changes however it is argued that the strategies for increasing the level of organizational readiness are equifinal in nature and thus one best strategy cannot be easily identified that would help in increasing organizational readiness (Lee, 2004). Conclusions/Findings The inferences gained from the article effectively reflect that organizational readiness is a shared psychological condition among different organizational members in a specific organizational or institutional setting (Weiner, 2009). The degree of shared behavior among organizational members contribute in enhancing the level of commitment in implementing the change process and also in increasing the level of internal collaboration for helping them operate in a collective fashion to effect the changes planned and introduced (Lussier, 2011). The analysis also reflected Organizational Readiness as a potential function of the manner the organizational members tend to value the change process and also the readiness of the people in appraising the determinants of the implementation phase like demand for the tasks, availability of needed resources and finally the development of the situational factors(Weiner, 2009). The level of organizational readiness measured based on the above determina nts and factors rightly help in influencing the behavioral outcomes of the organizational members in implementing and effecting the changes (Heldman, 2013). Implications for Managers Organizational managers for readying the organization to effectively comply with the change process are required to focus on sharing needed information with the concerned stakeholders for making them understand the consequences, benefits and challenges that would emanate in approving the change. Further, the organizational managers are also required to generate training and collaborative sessions where effective knowledge is imparted to the organizational members in the form of conducting induction and on-the-job training programs. The higher organizational authority is required to focus on the allocation of needed resources in the form of information technology and human resources that would contribute in enhancing the expertise and confidence level of the staffs to work in changed settings (West Turner, 2010). The organizational managers are also required to encourage the growth of staff involvement and internal collaboration along different levels such that the same contributes i n the generation of new ideas and also increases the level of accountability and responsibility of the organizational members. Changes brought along in the organizational structure like the generation of horizontal organizational structure from vertical organizational structure further contributes in transmission of information along different levels and departments in an effective fashion. Organizational managers are also required to continually motivate the staffs through informing the potential advantages or benefits they would be entitled with in terms of collaborating with the change process. The above implications effectively made would contribute in enhancing the level of readiness of the organization to the change process (Vault Editors, 2004). Strengths and Weaknesses of the Article Strengths The article effectively analyses the determinants and factors that contribute in increasing the level of organizational readiness to the change process. It reflected on behavioral outcomes of organizational members that contribute in effectively implementing the change process in an organization. The reflection of key determinants would potentially help the organizational managers in both enhancing and improving on the same such that they would potentially help in encouraging the organizational members for getting ready to accept and approve the changes(Weiner, 2009). Weakness The article only reflects on the dimension of organizational readiness to the change process. It however fails to reflect on the potential challenges that are faced by the organizational members of institutions belonging to the healthcare sector based on the new changes brought about in the organizations. Further, the article also does not reflect on the different strategies and counter tactics that are needed to be developed by the organizational staffs and managers for potentially countering the challenges generated from changes introduced (Eid, 2011). References Bynner, J., Stribley, K. (2010). Research Design: The logic of social inquiry. USA: The Open University. Eid, M. I. (2011). DETERMINANTS OF E-COMMERCE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION, TRUST, AND LOYALTY SAUDI ARABIA. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research , 12 (1), 78-93. Heldman, K. (2013). PMP: Project Management Professional Exam Study Guide. United Kingdom : John Wiley and Sons. Jones, I. (2014). Research Methods for Sports Studies (Third ed.). New York : Routledge . Lee, W. (2004). Pmp Project Management Professional: A Graphical Study Guide. United States: Trafford Publishing. Lussier, R. (2011). Management Fundamentals: Concepts, Applications, Skill Development. United States : Cengage Learning. Rubin, A. (2008). Practitioner's Guide to Using Research for Evidence-Based Practice. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons. Vault Editors. (2004). The College Career Bible, 2005: Job and Hiring Information for College Students and Recent Graduates. United States : Vault Inc. Weiner, B. J. (2009). A theory of organizational readiness for change. Implementation Science , 4 (67), 1-9. West, R., Turner, L. (2010). Understanding Interpersonal Communication: Making Choices in Changing Times, Enhanced Edition. United States : Cengage Learning.

Quran Essays - Allah, God, Islamic Ethics, Sin, Al-Qalam

Qu'ran Andrew Potievsky The Qur'an is like a bible really. The Islamic people believe it to e the ultimate moral authority. Its basic moral message would be to follow Allah and believe in him no matter what the problem and always have faith in Allah. An example would be the ? we make no difference between one and another of them. And we bow to Allah (in Islam). It is similar to Judaism because it was all monotheists, which meant that they all believed in one god only. An example would be that ?say ye: ?we believe in Allah and the revelation given to us ? It is Similar to Christianity because they believe in being baptized and so d the Islamic people. An example would be this ? (our religion is) the baptism of Allah and who can baptize better than Allah and it is He whom we worship. It would be different from Christianity because Christianity believes in one God only but The Islamic people believe in Allah. An example would be ?For Allah is the lord of Grace abounding?. I thought the Qur'an was in a way surprising because of how the believe in Allah so greatly that it is just amazing of how the have complete faith in Allah. I also found some parts puzzling because I did not understand some things that were expressed in the suras. Overall it showed how Allah is like the center for the Islamic people. Bibliography * History Reports

Sample of Economic Essay

Sample of Economic EssayWriting a sample of economic essay is one of the most rewarding of all parts of your degree. It demands from you a lot more than simply reading out of the textbook and writing out your own thoughts, reasoning and analysis. Many times your words are similar to those of the professor, with an appropriate amount of impact and imaginative use of language. In fact, it is a complete process where you let your imagination go wild with ideas and new concepts, and then you convey your thoughts as clearly as possible.The sample of economic essay is like a friendly game in which you stand out in front of the class to share and explain your ideas in a truly unique way. It is a highly individualized and creative process that requires focus and commitment on the part of students. All this makes for a good and a memorable experience. It is important to remember that a sample of economic essay is merely a one-off presentation, not a constant and regular part of the student's academic life. Hence, they need to learn how to write in such a way that they can easily put their unique spin on it every time.The writers from different universities and colleges to submit samples of economic essay on the basis of their various writings, works and other forms of work they have undertaken. This allows you to determine their writing skills, interactivity and their problem solving skills. You get a very good idea of their capability to learn, improve and hone their skills as writers. It also helps you to understand if they have made any mistakes or if they have learnt a few lessons.The teachers and college advisors recommend you to choose a sample of economic essay that matches your abilities, interests and your passions. You should be willing to take the necessary initiative to write such essay. You should not fear failing at this task because there are many ways in which you can actually succeed at it. There are some points that you must keep in mind while writing such a paper:Know the purpose of writing the paper well in advance. You will never succeed if you do not have an inkling about what the objective of the paper is. Do not be afraid to outline your paper before you start writing. Once you know the purpose of the paper, you can focus and design it accordingly.Know your writing skills and utilize them. Your writing skills will come in handy during the writing phase. When you first come across the writing problem or the concept of the paper, you can easily incorporate it into your paper by placing it into words. However, try to identify the problems and take initiative to solve them.Briefly explain your position. Inform the readers about your ideas without necessarily going into the nitty-gritty. Thereafter, describe your viewpoint and objective, and let the readers know about your view point.Lastly, ensure that the sample of economic essay is attractive enough. This is important to help your readers understand your writing and make them pick up the ideas and concepts that are present in the paper.

Multi Tasking Persuasive Essay Essay Example

Multi Tasking Persuasive Essay Essay Example Multi Tasking Persuasive Essay Paper Multi Tasking Persuasive Essay Paper formerly of the University of Michigan and now with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) working on security issues. And in certain cases of multitasking, Rubinstein says, you could be risking employers a dangerous outcome. In the research behind an article titled Executive Control of Cognitive Processes in Task Switching being published Monday in the American Psychological Associations Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance Rubinstein and his associates David Meyer, Ph. D. , and Jeffrey Evans, Ph. D. , determined that for various types of tasks, subjects lost time when they had to switch from one task to another. These time costs increased with the complexity of the chores: It took longer, say researchers Rubinstein and Meyer, for subjects to switch between more complicated tasks. People in a work setting, says Meyer, who are banging away on word processors at the same time they have to answer phones and talk to their co-workers or bosses theyre doing switches all the time. Not being able to concentrate for, say, tens of minutes at a time, may mean its costing a company as much as 20 to 40 percent in terms of potential efficiency lost, or the time cost of Switching, as these researchers call it. In effect, says Meyer, youve got writers block briefly as you go from one task to another. Youve got to (a) want to switch tasks, youve got to (b) make the switch and then youve got to (c) get warmed back up on what youre doing. Driving while talking on a cell phone, maybe making business calls while trying to get to your next meeting, is being used by these researchers as an example of a potentially disastrous multitasking scenario. A lot of folks, says Meyer, think, Well, cell phoning while driving is really no big deal and I can get away with it. But even if you have a cell phone thats not held by hand and can be dialed by voice, you still have a really big conflict because when youre driving you need to be looking at various different places, you need to be reading signs, you need to be talking to yourself about those in order to through your mental speech – make decisions about where to go with your car. And theres no way to do that while on the cell phone because you have to use your inner ears and inner speech and even your inner eyes to imagine what the person on the phone is talking about. We found that switch cost,' says Rubinstein, increases with the complexity of the tasks. That suggests that a very simple conversation on the phone while driving a car maybe Honey, please pick up some bread on the way home might not draw too much concentration. But if the conversation becomes difficult or emotionally charged or mentally taxing like Honey, the house is burning down, what should I do? it draws more attention and more mental resources away from your primary task, which is driving the car: Youre more likely to have an accident. Reference Mark Weed, David (2010). The effects of Multi-Tasking. davidweedmark. com/2010/effects-of-multitasking/ Miller, Chris (2007). The effects of multi- tasking on the brain. http://thecommandline. net/2010/06/07/the-effect-of-multitasking-on-the-brain/ John, Thomas (2001). The effects of multi tasking on teens. http://powertolearn. typepad. com/teacher_tech_blog/2007/03/the_effects_of_. html Chris, Crow (2007). Emergency Department Workplace Interruptions Are Emergency Physicians â€Å"Interrupt-driven† and â€Å"Multitasking†? http://onlinelibrary. wiley. com/doi/10. 1111/j. 1553-2712. 2000. tb00469. x/abstract Rubenstein, Meyer (2010). Introducing multitasking to the study of travel and ICT: Examining its extent and assessing its potential importance. sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S0965856406000280

Jurisprudence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Jurisprudence - Essay Example Consequently, keeping in accordance with such traits law and the institutions that aim at implement legal systems in a social context are required to transform them so that the basic issues of individual liberty and equality can be attained or maintained. However, understanding nature of such social change is not an easy method; rather it requires substantial empathetic or farsighted observation so that pulse of such change can be perceived accurately and in this context, relevance of Jurisprudence can be realized. If an attempt is made to analyze the term â€Å"Jurisprudence†, it will be found that the word is a fusion of two words â€Å"Jurist† and â€Å"prudence†: leading a student of law to the realization that scholarly opinion or prudence of jurists is actually known as jurisprudence. According to the legal scholars like Roscoe Pound, jurisprudence is actually â€Å"the science of law† and they have contradicted opinion of legal philosophers like Austin who suggested that jurisprudence is actually â€Å"a philosophy of law† (Pound, 2002, p. 7-11). The historical development of jurisprudence, starting from ancient Greek civilization to modern time is clearly suggestive of the fact that a lot of changes have occurred in the arena of jurisprudential observation regarding society, its transformation and the scope of implementing legal principles within the ever changing scope of social domain. There are several ways that the term â€Å"law† is used i n social context. One of the major ways is that â€Å"It is used to mean the regime of ordering human activities and adjusting human relations through the systematic application of the force of a politically organized society† (Pound, 2000, p. 13). The changing nature of society and scope of legal application alter considerably mainly due to mutual interaction of people, inhabiting within a social domain. According to natural

Job Search Websites Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Job Search Websites Report - Essay Example Monster.com was the first site to be assessed. This is the site with perhaps the most name recognition of the three, and was a pioneer in the web-based job search engine market. Compared to the other sites, Monster's home page is rather busy and a bit cluttered. This is owed largely to what seems like Monster's attempt to branch out into related services, such as resume writing and a new degree program search engine. Fortunately, the tabbed interface easily cuts through the clutter and allows the user to rather intuitively link to desired tools and features. Although each tab contains some links that are rather nebulous, it is still easy to find the most helpful features the website has to offer. The most critical feature, the simple job search is front and center on the home page, and easily enabled the test search for this study to be run. Entering "software engineer" in te key words field, and choosing Boston, Massachusetts from the location pull down (there was no way to select all of Massachusetts, only specific locations within the state) resulted in a stop screen prompting the user to enter a student loan payoff sweepstakes. Clicking the "no thank you" link took the user to the search results. There were 697 hits organized reverse chronologically in 14 pages of 50 hits each. The hit list included the posting date, position title, company name, and location.

Military Robotics Essay Example for Free

Military Robotics Essay A robot sniper is not subject to arm shake, fatigue, or any of the other human factors that throw off a rifleman’s aim, making each shot more accurate and less likely to hit someone other than the enemy. Pilotless drones are more likely to hit the target with better accuracy than bombs being dropped from a plane at 30,000 feet (Gyrnir). In the Army 53 percent of their casualties come with first contact with the enemy. Having a robot scouting ahead or flying above sending back pictures of the ground below to troops would reduce the casualties (Fogarty). Military robots can serve in place of human beings in explosive ordinance disposal (EOD), surveillance, and other dangerous situations. For example, when an EOD team was hunting for improvised explosive devices (IED), by the time the soldier was close enough to see the telltale wires from the bomb, it was too late. The IED erupted in a wave of flames. A soldier would have to be as far as 50 yards away to escape death and as far as half-mile away to escape injury from bomb fragments. Even if a person is not hit the pressure from the blast by itself can break bones. This soldier had been right on top of the bomb. As the flames and debris cleared, the rest of the team advanced. They found little remaining of their teammate. They loaded the remains onto a helicopter, which took them back to the team’s base near Baghdad International Airport. That night the team’s commander did his duty and wrote home about the incident. He apologized for his inability to change what had happened. He wrote, â€Å"at least when a robot dies, you don’t have to write a letter to its mother† (Singer). The â€Å"Soldier† was a 42-pound robot called a PackBot. The PackBot mounts all sorts of cameras and sensors, as well as an arm with four joints that extends over two meters to allow it to examine suspicious objects on EOD missions. If it weren’t for this robot to scout ahead the rest of the EOD team wouldn’t have survive the explosion (Singer). In conclusion, robotic technology is changing the future of warfare. Robots are used to save and protect, not harm innocent lives. The idea of robots replacing humans in the military is very unlikely. In order for a robot to do something it needs a human to program it and tell it what to do (Singer). Fully autonomous robots that may harm the wrong people presents ethical, legal, and command challenges determining who was responsible for the robot’s actions (the officer that put the robot into action and instructed it on its target or the company that manufactured the hardware) raises philosophical problems. Therefore, until these problems are resolved fully autonomous killing robots are unlikely (Gyrnir).